Monday, June 17, 2013

Calories - little creatures sewing our clothes together at night?? Maybe not...

Hey there Nutrinutters!

This is not post of the week just yet, it is just a little tease :)

Here's just a brief explanation of what calories are, how to calorie count aaaand an easy way to calculate your energy needs for the day!



The 411 on CALORIES
What are calories?
A simple way to measure energy in food and the energy released in the body.

Where do they come from?
1 gram of
            Protein provides 4 calories
            Carbohydrate provides 4 calories
            Fat provides 9 calories  

Although not a nutrient, each gram of alcohol contains 7 calories (that's crazy, right??)
Nutrients that do not provide calories: water, minerals and vitamins.

Let’s do the math!
A sweet and salty nut granola bar contains 4 grams of protein, 19 grams of carbohydrate, 9 grams of fat:

4 grams protein X 4 calories/gram      =         16 calories
19 grams carbohydrate X 4 calories/gram  =   76 calories                +
9 grams fat X 9 calories/gram          =            81 calories
                                                ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­__________________________
Total calories                                          173 calories

How are foods categorized?
Most foods are made up of more than one nutrient; however they are classified by their predominant nutrient. An example of this is bread, although it is known as a carbohydrate food, it also contains protein and fat, therefore not all of its calories come from carbohydrate.

Good strategies to keep track of calories!

Phone Apps: each phone has different Apps, some even free! My Fitness Pal is one.
Food journal: In a small notebook write down everything you eat.
       Include:
  •   Everything you eat and drink. Don’t forget that many beverages have calories!
  •   Amounts and portion sizes
  •   Different types of preparations (baked, fried, grilled, sautéed, stir-fry)
  •   Dressing in salads (olive oil included)
  •   Sugar/ creamer in beverages.



Determining Calorie Needs


Factors that influence caloric needs:
  • Age - Your calorie needs are the highest at the age of 25 declining 2% every 10 years.
  •  Weight/Height - Bigger bodies need more energy to sustain muscle and bones than smaller ones.
  • Gender - Men have about 10-20 percent more muscle than women. Muscle burns more calories than fat explaining why men generally have higher caloric needs than women.
  • Activity Level - Being active burns calories. When one burns more calories than they eat, it results in weight loss.
  • Genes - The number of calories your body needs to function is inherited from your family.


Steps for estimating your energy needs to MAINTAIN weight:

1-       Estimate Basal Metabolic Rate (minimum number of calories body needs to maintain basic functions)
-         Women: __________(current weight in pounds) X 10 = Basal Metabolic Rate
-          Men: ___________(current weight in pounds) X 11 = Basal Metabolic Rate

2-       Determine activity factor
-          Very Light (sitting or standing, driving, lab work, reading, typing) – 1.2
-          Light (house cleaning, caring for children, light exercise- walking for less than 2 miles) – 1.3
-          Moderate (Heavy house work, cycling, very little sitting) – 1.4
-          Heavy (Heavy manual labor, playing sports) – 1.5

*Even if one works out a couple of times a week but spends the majority of the day sitting down (studying, office work) then your activity factor will still fall under very light or light.

3-       Multiply Basal Metabolic Rate by activity factor

Let’s do the math!
 150 pound female - full time student, does not work or play sports.

150 X 10 = 1500 (Basal Metabolic Rate)
1500 X 1.2 = 1800 (Total Calorie needs)

To lose weight…

Cut daily calorie intake by 500 to lose 1 pound per week.


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